Salmonella is a type of bacteria that can cause infections impacting the gastrointestinal system. Here, our Nashua vets answer questions like 'Can dogs get salmonella?' and what causes this type of infection.
What is salmonella?
Salmonella is a bacteria that can infect many different animal species' gastrointestinal tracts. Salmonella is divided into two species, further subdivided into thousands of strains (serovars). Each of these strains is slightly different, with some causing severe disease and others not causing infection.
Can dogs get salmonella poisoning?
In fact, salmonella can affect our beloved dogs and cats, too. According to a 2017 study, 2.5 percent of all dogs tested had bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract. Only 55% of infected dogs in the study, however, showed signs of diarrhea at the time of testing. This means that nearly half of the participants had no symptoms but were spreading the infection asymptomatically. And yes, salmonella can be passed from dog to human and vice versa.
What are the common causes of salmonella poisoning in dogs?
Salmonella lives primarily in the gastrointestinal tract and is excreted in the feces of infected animals. Infection occurs when an uninfected animal consumes the bacteria. Some dogs may become infected after consuming contaminated pet food, treats, or undercooked meat. Salmonella infections are most common in dogs who have a compromised immune system. Because puppies do not yet have a fully developed immune system, they are more likely to develop salmonellosis.
Can dogs get salmonella from raw chicken?
Dogs can contract salmonella from ingesting raw chicken, but it's much less likely for dogs to get salmonella this way than it is for people. Your dog's gastrointestinal tract is much more tolerant of raw meats than the GI tract of humans, which is why this condition is less likely to occur in our canine companions.
Symptoms of Salmonella in Dogs
Some of the most common symptoms of salmonella in dogs include:
- Acute diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Appetite loss
- Dehydration
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Lethargy
- Increased heart rate
- Depression
If your dog is showing symptoms of salmonella, take them to the vet.
When is salmonella poisoning an emergency?
If your dog displays any of these symptoms, contact your vet immediately or bring your dog to an emergency vet:
- Persistent fever
- Shock
- Uncontrolled weight loss
- Blood loss
- Non-intestinal infections
- Prolonged diarrhea (lasting more than three weeks)
- Miscarriage in pregnant dogs (a rare symptom, but still a cause of concern)
Diagnosing Salmonella in Dogs
To begin, your veterinarian will go over the fundamentals. Your dog's medical history will likely be considered to help the veterinarian determine whether salmonella is a possible diagnosis. The veterinarian will then review your dog's symptoms and perform a physical examination.
If your vet suspects salmonella, they may run more diagnostic tests. These can include:
- Fecal cultures
- Blood work
- Blood cultures, if sepsis is present
Remember, take your dog to the vet if you suspect salmonella. The sooner you can get a diagnosis, the sooner treatment can begin.
Treatment Options for Salmonella Poisoning in Dogs
Salmonella treatment is determined by your dog's symptoms. Antibiotics may be used in severe cases or dogs with compromised immune systems, but they should be avoided in mild or asymptomatic cases.
Your veterinarian may also advise you on symptomatic treatments to alleviate the clinical signs of salmonellosis. Some strains are antibiotic-resistant and necessitate the use of specific antibiotics.
It's always best to speak with your vet directly and receive treatment options for your dog's case.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.